- Hydrogen is its own group
- elements in the same chemical family have similar physical and chemical properties.
Alkali Metals
- in group 1
- highly reactive and reactivity increases as you go down
- have only one electron in their outer shell and are lose that electron in ionic bonding with other elements
- react with non-metal
- usually have lower densities than other metals
- malleable, ductile, good conductors of heat and electricity
- have low melting points, below 200 °C
- soft and can be cut with a knife
Alkaline Earth Metals
- 2nd group
- have two electrons in their outer shell
- have low electronegativities
- less reactive than Alkali Metals but they will burn in air if heated. T
- react with water
- shiny
Transition Metals
- are the 38 elements in groups 3-12 of the periodic table
- are very hard
- have high melting and boiling points
- low ionization energies
- high electrical conductivity
- are malleable, they can be shaped and bent.
The Halogens
- in group 17 of the periodic table
- are highly reactive non-metals with strong and unpleasant odours
- will burn flesh and do not react well with water
- fluorine and chlorine are gases at room temperature, bromine is a liquid and iodine and astatine are solids.
Noble Gases
- group 18
- most stable and unreactive elements
- colourless, odourless gases at room temperature
- have high ionization energies and low boiling points
0 comments